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The mechanical energy of the bobbing head is lost to other objects. Damping is the tendency of a vibrating object to lose or to dissipate its energy over time. The bobblehead is said to experience damping. Because the forced vibration that initiated the motion is a single instance of a short-lived, momentary force, the vibrations ultimately cease. The extent of its displacement from the equilibrium position becomes less and less over time. And it may only sway 2.0 cm to the right of its equilibrium position during the third repetition. If the head sways 3 cm to the right of its equilibrium position during the first repetition, it may only sway 2.5 cm to the right of its equilibrium position during the second repetition. Each repetition of its back and forth motion is a little less vigorous than its previous repetition.
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The bobblehead does its back and forth, repeating the motion over and over. In this case, the force is a short-lived, momentary force that begins the motion. We could use the phrase forced vibration to describe the force which sets the otherwise resting bobblehead into motion. If a force is applied to the bobblehead, the equilibrium will be disturbed and the bobblehead will begin vibrating. The bobblehead will remain in this position until somehow disturbed from its equilibrium. When a bobblehead is at the equilibrium position, the forces on the bobblehead are balanced. are balanced or add up to an overall net force of 0 Newtons. All the individual forces - gravity, spring, etc. As discussed in the Newton's Law Chapter of the Tutorial, an object which is in a state of equilibrium is experiencing a balance of forces. When an object is positioned at its equilibrium position, it is in a state of equilibrium. The resting position is sometimes referred to as the equilibrium position. The resting position is the position assumed by the bobblehead when it is not vibrating. Like any object that undergoes vibrational motion, the bobblehead has a resting position. These are the questions we will attempt to answer in Section 1 of this chapter. What words would you use to describe such a motion? How does the motion of the bobblehead change over time? How does the motion of one bobblehead differ from the motion of another bobblehead? What quantities could you measure to describe the motion and so distinguish one motion from another motion? How would you explain the cause of such a motion? Why does the back and forth motion of the bobblehead finally stop? These are all questions worth pondering and answering if we are to understand vibrational motion. Think about how you would describe the back and forth motion of the oversized head of a bobblehead doll. The bobblehead doll is a good illustration of many of the principles of vibrational motion. Over time, the vibrations tend to die off and the bobblehead stops bobbing and finally assumes its usual resting position. The back and forth doesn't happen forever. When pushed or somehow disturbed, the head does the back and forth. The head wiggles it vibrates it oscillates. A light tap to the oversized head causes it to bobble.
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A bobblehead doll consists of an oversized replica of a person's head attached by a spring to a body and a stand. To begin our ponderings of vibrations and waves, consider one of those crazy bobblehead dolls that you've likely seen at baseball stadiums or novelty shops. If we can understand waves, then we will be able to understand the world of sight and sound.īobblehead Dolls - An Example of a Vibrating Object And we hear the world around us because of sound waves. We see the world around us because of light waves. Much of what we see and hear is only possible because of vibrations and waves. An understanding of vibrations and waves is essential to understanding our physical world. In this chapter of The Physics Classroom Tutorial, we will make an effort to understand vibrational motion and its relationship to waves. Wiggles, vibrations, and oscillations are an inseparable part of nature. Even atoms wiggle - they do the back and forth. They even describe the motion of matter at the atomic level. These phrases describe the motion of a variety of objects.